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Remembering suffragette Emily Davison, who threw herself under the King's horse at Epsom
On June 4, 1913, Emily Davison ran out onto the track at the Epsom Derby and was trampled to death by King George V's horse Anmer — and the whole thing was captured on film. A British suffragist who led several historic campaigns in the early 1900s, Davison had become increasingly militant in the years before her death and began using radical tactics like hunger strikes and arson to get her message across.
Many saw her death as a final act of protest, and for decades Davison has been hailed as a martyr of the suffragist movement. However, some say Davison wasn't staging a political act of self-harm by running onto the track, but was instead attempting to tie a suffragist scarf or flag to the horse. Indeed, police later found two flags and a return train ticket on her body after she died.
Emily Wilding Davison (11 October 1872 – 8 June 1913) was an English suffragette who fought for votes for women in Britain in the early twentieth century. A member of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) and a militant fighter for her cause, she was arrested on nine occasions, went on hunger strike seven times and was force-fed on forty-nine occasions. She died after being hit by King George V's horse Anmer at the 1913 Derby when she walked onto the track during the race.
Davison grew up in a middle-class family, and studied at Royal Holloway College, London, and St Hugh's College, Oxford, before taking jobs as a teacher and governess. She joined the WSPU in November 1906 and became an officer of the organisation and a chief steward during marches. She soon became known in the organisation for her militant action; her tactics included breaking windows, throwing stones, setting fire to postboxes, planting bombs and, on three occasions, hiding overnight in the Palace of Westminster—including on the night of the 1911 census. Her funeral on 14 June 1913 was organised by the WSPU. A procession of 5,000 suffragettes and their supporters accompanied her coffin and 50,000 people lined the route through London; her coffin was then taken by train to the family plot in Morpeth, Northumberland.
Davison was a staunch feminist and passionate Christian, and considered that socialism was a moral and political force for good. Much of her life has been interpreted through the manner of her death. She gave no prior explanation for what she planned to do at the Derby and the uncertainty of her motives and intentions has affected how she has been judged by history. Several theories have been put forward, including accident, suicide or an attempt to pin a suffragette banner to the king's horse.
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