The eldest son of King Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville was born while his father was abroad in Holland

The eldest son of King Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville was born while his father was abroad in Holland. When Edward IV returned to his royal position, he named his son the prince of Wales.

But upon the king’s death, a dispute erupted between the child’s maternal and paternal uncles concerning the legitimacy of the king’s marriage to Elizabeth. Ultimately, Edward V and his brother Richard, duke of York, were locked away in the Tower of London. It is presumed that they were murdered and that skeletons found in the tower in 1647 were those of the boys.

Elizabeth Woodville, (born 1437—died June 7/8, 1492, London), wife of King Edward IV of England. After Edward’s death popular dislike of her and her court facilitated the usurpation of power by Richard, duke of Gloucester (King Richard III).

A woman of great beauty, she was already a widow with two sons when Edward IV married her in May 1464. The match was repugnant to the ruling nobility of the House of York because she was a daughter of the Lancastrians, the traditional enemies of the Yorkists, and because she was not of royal rank. Her penchant for procuring high offices and titles of nobility for her relatives increased her widespread unpopularity.

Because Elizabeth bore Edward two surviving sons and five daughters, the Yorkist succession seemed secure. Within three months after the death (on April 9, 1483) of Edward IV, however, Gloucester had defeated Elizabeth’s party and seized the throne from Edward IV’s son and successor, the 12-year-old Edward V. It is not entirely clear why Elizabeth, who had taken sanctuary, surrendered her younger son (on June 16) and later her daughters to Richard III. Soon both sons disappeared from Richard’s custody, presumably murdered.

After Henry Tudor became king as Henry VII in 1485, he married Elizabeth’s eldest daughter; but in 1487 Elizabeth was disgraced—probably for treasonable activities—and forced to withdraw to a convent, where she died five years later.

The eldest surviving son of King Edward IV and Queen Elizabeth (Woodville), Edward was born at Westminster Abbey while his father, momentarily deposed, was in exile in Holland. In June 1471, after Edward IV had crushed his foes and reclaimed his crown, young Edward was made prince of Wales. The boy was sent with his mother to Ludlow, Shropshire, in 1473 to be titular ruler of Wales and the Welsh Marches (border region between England and Wales), and he seems to have stayed at Ludlow, except for brief intervals, for the remainder of his father’s reign.

Upon the death of Edward IV on April 9, 1483, the 12-year-old Edward became king, and his uncle Richard, duke of Gloucester, was made protector of the realm. Conflict between Gloucester and the Woodville nobles who dominated Edward V soon led the duke to arrest the leaders of the Woodville party and secure possession of Edward and his younger brother. The two princes were housed in the Tower of London, which at that time served as a royal residence as well as a prison.

Edward V’s brief reign came to an end on June 26, when an assembly of lords and commons, accepting Gloucester’s claim that Edward IV’s marriage was invalid and his children illegitimate, proclaimed Gloucester King Richard III. Soon afterward the two princes disappeared from the Tower forever. It is possible they were murdered by Richard’s agents in August 1483, but responsibility for the crime has also been attributed to the powerful Henry Stafford, duke of Buckingham, and to Richard’s successor, King Henry VII. Skeletons found in the Tower in 1674 are thought to be those of Edward and his brother.

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